Ecosystem Services (ESS) - Humankind benefits in a multitude of ways from ecosystems. Collectively, these benefits are becoming known as ecosystem services.

Provisioning Services (PS) - e.g. Primary production, Crop production, Nutrient status.

Regulating Services (RS) - e.g. Species interactions, Biocontrol of Crop pests, Crop Pollination.

Cultural Services (CS) - e.g. Aesthetics/Beauty, Recreation, Cultural Identity.

Ecological Engineering (EE) - emerging study of integrating ecology and engineering, concerned with the design, monitoring, and construction of ecosystems.

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) - called for by the United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan in 2000. Initiated in 2001, the objective of the MA was to assess the consequences of ecosystem change for human well-being and the scientific basis for action needed to enhance the conservation and sustainable use of those systems and their contribution to human well-being. More here.